OPHTHALMOLOGY  IMPORTANT TOPICS & QUESTIONS FOR MBBS STUDENT 3rd Proff.

THESE QUESTIONS ARE ARRANGED IN CHAPTERWISE MANNER ACCRODING TO A K KHURANA OPTHALMOLOGY BOOKS. 

 1) ANATOMY 

LONG QUESTIONS

 1) Discuss the theories of aqueous humour formation, circulation and drainage. 4+3+3 ('15) 2) Describe the anatomy & physiology of lens. What is mechanism of accommodation? 4+3+3 (’16)

SHORT NOTES 

1) Vitreous hemorrhage (’10)

2) REFRACTION AND ACCOMODATION ERROR

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) Describe the anatomy of physiological lens. What is the mechanism of accommodation? (’13) 2) Briefly discuss the various methods of determination of visual acuity? (‘10)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Pathological Myopia. ('11,'14) 2) Hypermetropia. ('12) 3) Complications of myopia. ('08,'05) 4) Myopia. ('15,'09,'03) 5) Presbyopia. ('05, 17) 6) Anisometropia. ('04) 7) Treatment of Myopia (’18)

3) EYELID

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) Describe the anatomy of upper eyelid with a labelled diagram. 7+3 ('14) 2) Write in brief with a diagram structure of upper eyelids. ('05) 3) What are the causes of Entropion of Eye lid? What may its complications? ('94)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Symblepharon. 2) Entropion. ('13) 3) Blepharitis ('00) 4) Ptosis ('99) 5) Hordeolum internum ('98,'94) 6) Lagophthalmos ('96)

4) CONJUNCTIVA

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) Describe the anatomy of conjunctiva. ('11)2) Discuss pupillary reactions, with special reference to their basis and clinical significance. ('10)

3) Write down the differential diagnosis of red eye. ('07)

4) What do you mean by Xerosis of Conjunctiva? What are the different types of Xerosis of

conjunctiva & what are the causes? Write down different stages of Vit. A deficiency and describe

its management. ('02)

SHORT NOTES

1) Pterygium. ('15,'00)

2) Management of recurrent Pterygium ('08, 17)

3) Vernal conjunctivitis. ('05,'07,'11)

4) Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis. ('03, 17)

5) Bitot's spot. ('01)

6) Subconjunctival hemorrhage ('00)

7) Xerosis of conjunctiva ('98)

8) Pannus ('95,'94)

5) CORNEA

LONG QUESTIONS

1) Describe in brief the management of a case of a bacterial corneal ulcer. How would you treat a

non-healing ulcer? Enumerate the complications of corneal ulcers. 5+3+2 ('15)

2) Describe the clinical features of uncomplicated bacterial corneal ulcer. Outline its management.

('08,'01)

3) Describe in brief the different layers of cornea with diagram mentioning the special clinical

significance related to each of them. (‘07)

4) Discuss etiology, clinical features, complications and management of Herpes Zoster

ophthalmicus? (‘O3)

5) Describe the sign symptoms and complications of a case of progressive corneal ulcer? How do

you treat such a case? ('99)

6) Describe the clinical features of Hypopyon Corneal Ulcer? How do you manage such a case? (‘96)

7) What is keratoplasty? What are types? How will you collect the donor cornea & how will you

preserve it? 2+2+4+2 (17)

SHORT NOTES

1) Clinical features of vernal kerato-conjunctivitis. ('13)

2) Bacterial corneal ulcer. ('12)

3) Indications of keratoplasty. ('09)

4) Keratoplasty. ('08)

5) Cycloplegics. (04)

6) Hypopyon. ('02,'98,'94)

7) Transparency of the cornea (‘01)

8) Hypopyon corneal ulcer (16)

6) SCLERA

SHORT NOTES

1) Staphyloma (’02,08,12,16)

2) Posterior staphyloma (’04)

7) UVEALONG QUESTIONS

1) Describe the clinical features, management & complications of acute anterior

uveitis? 3+4+3 ('04)

2) What are the causes of Red eye? Write in brief about their differential diagnosis

with management. ('12)

3) Write down differential diagnosis of Red eye. 10 ('07)

4) A patient attended Eye OPD with painful Red congested eye with semi-dilated pupil. What is

your diagnosis and what investigation will you do to confirm your diagnosis? Write in brief the

management of the patient? 5+5+5 ('04)

SHORT NOTES

1) Red Eye. ('10)

2) Keratic precipitates. ('09)

3) Ring synaechia ('02)

4) Phthisis bulbi ('02)

5) Cilliary congestion ('01)

6) Endophalmitis (’18)

7) Keratic precipitate (’18)

8) LENS

LONG QUESTIONS

1) What are the causes of seeing rainbow Halo around light? Describe the management of one such

case having severe pain in the eye. 3+7 ('15)

2) A patient comes with Rainbow Haloes. How will you diagnose the case? ('13)

3) What are causes of seeing Rainbow Halo? Describe the management of one such case following

severe pain in eye. ('11)

4) What is Aphakia? What is difference between aphakia & pseudophakia? How do you manage a

case of uniocular aphakia after cataract operation due to trauma? (On a patient of 20 yrs. of

age) 10 ('01)

5) What are the points you should note in a cataract case before surgery, both for avoiding

complications & better visual result? 12 ('98)

6) How do you prepare a patient before cataract operation? How do you predict the outcome of

cataract surgery? 7+3 (16)

7) Enumerate the post-operative complication of cataract surgery. Briefly outline the treatment of

any one of them. 6+4 (17)

8)A 65 years old patient presented with gradual painless dimness of vision in both eyes during last 2

years. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management. (’18)

SHORT NOTES

1) SICS. ('13)

2) Biometry. ('12)

3) Capsulotomy in cataract extraction. ('11)

4) Morgagnian cataract. ('11)

5) Early postoperative complication following cataract surgery. ('09)

6) Hypermature cataract. ('09, 04,99)

7) Phacolytic glaucoma. ('08)

8) After cataract. ('05)

9) Pseudophakia. ('05)

10) Hyphaemia ('04)11) Complicated cataract. ('03)

12) IOL ('99)

13) Convex lens. ('01)

14) Astigmatism ('00)

15) Contact lens, ('00)

16) Lamellar cataract ('98,'94)

17) Posterior capsular opacification (17)

18) Biometry(’18)

8) LACRIMAL APPARATUS

LONG QUESTIONS

1) Briefly discuss the symptoms, signs and management of case of chronic dacryocystitis. ('10)

2) Write brief the anatomy of the lacrimal apparatus with a labelled diagram. ('08)

3) What is chronic dacryocystitis? Describe the steps of dacryocystorhinostomy (‘16)

4) Describe the anatomy of lacrimal apparatus with a labelled diagram. Enumerate the causes of

watering of eye. (’18)

SHORT NOTES

1) Epiphora. C98:15)

2) Acute dacryocystitis. ('13)

3) Dacryocystorhinostomy (09)

4) Congenital dacryocystitis. (03, 05)

5) Syringing of the lacrimal passage. ('12)

9) GLAUCOMA

LONG QUESTIONS

1) How would you diagnose a case of open angle glaucoma and follow up such patient? ('10)

2) Describe intraocular pressure? Discuss different conditions where the intraocular pressure is

low. ('09)

3) Describe clinical features and management of a patient suffering from an acute attack of angle

closure glaucoma. ('05)

4) Describe the anatomy of the angle of anterior chamber of eye ball? Write in short your plan for

medical treatment of open angle glaucoma? ('01)

5) Discuss the symptoms, sign & management of acute congested glaucoma? ('98)

6) Describe symptoms, signs and management of acute attack of angle closure glaucoma.(’18)

SHORT NOTES

1) Field changes in Primary open angle glaucoma ('15)

2) Pan-ophthalmitis. ('14)

3) Trabeculectomy. ('14, 07)

4) Absolute glaucoma. ('02,'96)

5) Acute congestive glaucoma of one eye. ('97)

6) Phacolytic glaucoma (08, 16)

7) Anti-glaucoma drugs. (16)

8) Buphthalmos (17)

10) RETINA

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) A child of 3 yrs. age presented with a White reflex behind the pupil. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management in brief. ('04,'96)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Diabetic retinopathy. (‘11) 2) Enucleation. (‘11) 3) Macula lutea. ('01) 4) Retinoblastoma (’16) 5) Enucleation(’18)

11) IRIS

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) Describe signs, symptoms and management of acute iridocyclitis ('11) 

2) Describe the clinical features of iridocyclitis. How do you differentiate it from acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma? ('08)

 3) Describe the symptoms and sign of acute iridocyclitis? How do you differentiate it from acute congested glaucoma? How do you treat such a case? ('00,’98,’94)

12) OCCULAR TRAUMA

LONG QUESTIONS

 1) A seven years old boy was hit by a cricket ball in one eye. Enumerate the possible damage in each of the ocular structures expected in such a case. Describe the options for treatment/manage in each injury. 7+3 ('00,'14) 

2) Describe the effect of blunt trauma in the eye ('12) 

3) A young adult patient presents with a history of blunt injury by blow in one eye. Discuss the possible lesions in brief and their management. (‘05) 

4) A player sustain injury in the eye by a cricket ball. What are the possible effects of injury in different structures of eye? What first-aid will you offer in such a case? (’99)

SHORT NOTES 

1) Removal of Corneal foreign body. ('13) 2) Evisceration. ('14,'12) 3) Paracentesis ('07, 16) 4) Commotio Retinae. ('03) 5) Siderosis bulbi. ('01) 6) Alkali burn of eye.(’18)

13) COMMUNITY OPHTHALMOLOGY

LONG QUESTIONS

 1) Enumerate the causes of night blindness. Write down the clinical features and management of Vit. A deficiency. ('13)

 2) Write down the different stages of Vit. A deficiency and describe its management. (‘12)

 3) How do suspect Vit. A deficiency in a child? What are the effects in the eye in this deficiency? How do you prevent it? 

('00) 4) What is night blindness? What are its causes? How do you investigate such a case and advice treatment? ('99)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Eye banking and keratoplasty. ('15) 2) Vision 2020. ('15,'07) 3) Dilated pupil in one eye. ('10) 4) Nutritional blindness (’17)

14) OCCULAR PHARMACOLOGY

SHORT NOTES 

1) Side effects of tropical corticosteroids. (’10)

15) OCCULAR MOTILITY 

LONG QUESTIONS

 1) Discuss briefly the management of esotropia in a 2-year-old. ('10) 2) Describe origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions of extra-ocular muscles. ('09)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Binocular vision. (‘13) 2) Management of right convergent squint. (‘08)

16) NEURO OPHTHALMOLOGY

LONG QUESTION 

1) Describe the path of light reflex with diagram. ('12) 

2) Draw a schematic diagram of pupillary light reflex. Mention the drugs acting on pupil. 6+4 (17)

SHORT NOTES 

1) Papilledema (’99)

17) MISCELLANEOUS

LONG QUESTIONS 

1) Enumerate the possible causes of sudden painful dimness of vision in a 35 years old female patient. Briefly discuss the signs, symptoms and management of any one of the cause. 3+3+4 ('14) 

2) Write down the causes of gradual and painless loss of vision and their differential diagnosis. ('09,’94)) 

3) Write down the differential diagnosis of sudden loss of vision. ('07) 4) What are the causes of sudden loss of vision in one eye? What investigations do you suggest? (‘06)

SHORT NOTES

 1) Use of laser in eye. (’14)