ENT IMPORTANT TOPICS AND QUESTIONS FOR MBBS STUDENTS 3RD PROFF.

 EAR

 

ANATOMY OF EAR

 

1) What is middle ear cleft? Describe the anatomy of medial wall of the middle ear with diagram. Describe the anatomy of the tympanic membrane. ('08)

2) Describe the anatomy of the Middle Ear Cavity. ('09) 

3) Describe the anatomy of medial and posterior wall of middle ear. Describe the relation with facial nerve in medial & posterior wall. ('11)

 

4) Describe the medial wall of middle ear with diagram. Mention in brief the surgical importance of this wall. ('07)

5) Describe the anatomy of facial nerve. ('05)

 6) External auditory canal. ('01)

 7) McEwan’s triangle (suprameatal). (‘15)

ASSESMENT OF HEARING

 1) Rinne test (‘00,’98)

 2) Weber test ('99,’04,’06) 

3) Caloric test. (‘12) 

4) Absolute Bone conduction test. ('03,'15)

HEARING LOSS 

1) A patient aged 30 yrs. presented with deafness of both ears. Investigate to diagnose type of deafness, manage the case. 12 (‘97) 

2) What is deafness? How will you manage a case of conductive deafness in a female patient aged about 25 years? 3+7 (‘08) 

3) A middle aged male reported with bilateral conductive deafness with intact tympanic membrane. How will you diagnose & manage the case? 5+5 (16) 

4) Ototoxic drugs (’18)

ASSESSMENT OF VESTIBULAR FUNCTIONS & DISORDERS

1) What are the common causes of vertigo? Outline the investigations that you would like to have? 12 (‘98) 

2) Fistula test. (’94, ’14)

DISEASES OF EXTERNAL EAR 

1) Anatomy of tympanic membrane (right & left). Write different types of eardrum perforations with their clinical significance.12 ('04,'06'08) 

2) Cerumen ('07)

3) Impacted cerumen. ('98) 

4) Malignant otitis externa. ('08,'11,13)

5) Circumscribed otitis externa. ('10)
6) Otomycosis. (`08)
7) Foreign body ear. ('12)

DISORDERS of MIDDLE EAR, CHOLESTEATOMA & OTITIS
MEDIA

1) What is otitis media? How will you treat profuse mucoid aural discharge in 8-year-old boy? ('03)
2) Define CSOM. Discuss the etiology, pathology, clinical features & management of the mucosal
type of CSOM. 10 ('12)
3) What is ASOM? C/F & treatment & management. 2+4+5+4 ('00, 02)
4) What is Cholesteatoma? How it forms? Describe the clinical features of Cholesteatoma.
5) Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of otitis media with -effusion. 3+3+4
('14)
6) How do you investigate a case of long standing foul smelling ear discharge of a child of 8 years?
('07)
7) A middle aged patient presents in the ENT OPD with intermittent mucopurulent discharge from
one ear. How will you investigate and treat the case? 5+5 ('15)
8) Define Cholesteatoma. Describe the pathogenesis & management of CSOM with Cholesteatoma.
2+3+5 (’17)
9) Describe the etiology , clinical features and management of Acute Suppurative otitis media.(’18)
10) Cortical mastoidectomy. ('07)
11) Myringoplasty. (10)
12) Myringotomy. (‘05, 11)
13) Cholesteatoma. ('08, 15)
14) Gradenigo syndrome. ('07)
15) Masked mastoiditis (’09)
16) Plummer Vinson syndrome (’16)
17) Diagnosis of diphtheria (’17)
18) Lateral sinus thrombosis.(’18)
19) Myringotomy and its indications. (03, 04)

OSTEOSCLEROSIS

1) Otosclerosis (’04)
2) Carhart’s notch (’96’’16)

FACIAL NERVE & DIS0RDER

1) Facial nerve palsy of sudden onset (’10)
2) Describe the intratemporal course of the facial nerve . Enumerate the intratemporal
branches of the facial nerve and their site of origin. What is Bells Palsy ?(’18)
OTALGIA
1) What is otalgia? How will you investigate a case of otalgia in middle aged person? (’94,’99,’03)
2) A 65 years old' male patient presents with pain in Right ear. How will you investigate case? 10
('14)

NOSE

ANATOMY &PHYSIOLOGY OF NOSE

1) Describe the lateral wall of Nose. Mention its surgical importance. 7+3 ('15)
2) Describe the anatomy of maxillary antrum and function of nose. ('14)
3) Describe the anatomy of nasal septum. ('12)
4) Describe the nasal septum. Write in short the function of nose. ('03)
5) Describe the lateral wall of nose with picture. ('04, 05, 10)
6) Describe the different parts of the lateral wall of nasal cavity. ('06)
7) Function of nose ('06)
8) Uncinate process of nose. ('06)
9) Osteomeatal complex. (‘11, 13, 17)
10) Inferior turbinate ('01)
11) Dangerous area of nose (’17)

NASAL SEPTUM AND ITS DISEASES

1) Write a note on deviated nasal septum & its effect on the ear. (‘10)
2) Illustrate with diagram the constituents of nasal septum & its vascular supply. Describe the
surgical
importance of Little’s area. 5+3+2 (’16)
3) Little’s area of nose (01, 06)

ACUTE AND CHRONIC RHINITIS

1) Etiology, pathology, clinical features & treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis. (‘04)
2) Atrophic Rhinitis (’96,’09, ‘18)

GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE OF NOSE & MISC.
DISORDER OF NASAL CAVITY

1) Rhinosporidiosis. (‘04)
2) CSF Rhinorrhea (’07,’14)
3) Rhinolith (’16)

NASAL POLYP

1) A young adult presented with left sided nasal polyp. Give differential diagnosis. Outline the
management of Antro-choanal polyp ('12)
2) Antro-choanal polyp. (’93,'08)
3) A male patient of 15 yrs. age presented with history of recurrent severe epistaxis & nasal
obstruction. What is your provisional diagnosis? How will you manage the case? 3+7 (’17)

EPISTAXIS

1) A 17 years old male patient presented with a history of recurrent profuse epistaxis for last one
year. What are the probable causes? Give an outline of relevant on investigations and
management of the patient. ('11)
2) A 65 years old male presents with Epistaxis. How will you manage this case? ('10)3) A male boy 16 years attended emergency with severe bleeding from nose having history of
recurrent such bleeding. How will you investigate the case? 10 ("04)
4) Enumerate the causes of epistaxis? Describe the time of treatment? ('96)
5) Little's area of nose. (`01,'06)
6) Dangerous area of nose. ('05, 15)
7) Area of epistaxis ('99)

ACUTE SINUSITIS, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY OF
PARANASAL SINUSES

1) Etiology, clinical features and treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. ('03)
2) Sinusitis-etiology, sign & symptoms, management ('99)

3) Maxillary Sinus. (12)

4) Maxillary antrum. (`00)

OPERATIVE

1) Septoplasty. ('08)
2) Caldwell-Luc operation. ('09)
3) Difference between Septoplasty and SMR operation. ('11)
4) Indications of Caldwell-Luc operation. ('13)
5) Complications of S.M.R. operation. ("14)
6) Functional endoscopy of nose. ('05)
7) Proof puncture. (`07)
8) Antral puncture. ('12)

THROAT

DISEASES OF ORAL CAVITY & SALIVARY GLAND

1) Lingual thyroid (’09)
2) Fossa of Rosenmullar (’94,’04)
DISEASES OF PHARYNX
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF PHARYNX, ADENOIDS
1) Adenoid facies (’09)
2) Killian’s dehiscence (’08)
3) Waldeyer’s ring (’16)
TUMOURS OF NASOPHARYNX & ACUTE/CHRONIC PHARYNGITIS
1) Clinical features and management of juvenile nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma. ('10)
2) Keratosis pharyngitis ('03,'06)

ACUTE AND CHRONIC TONSILITIS

1) A 10-year-old child presents with a patch in the tonsil with fever. How would you examine the
patient? What will be the treatment? 5+5 ('15)2) Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Acute Follicular Tonsillitis. (‘13)
3) An 8-year-old child presented with patch over the tonsil and adjoining region. Describe the
differential diagnosis. (‘09)
4) A child has come to OPD with a patch in throat. What are the causes of patch in throat? How will
you differentiate between a patch of acute follicular tonsillitis and with faucial diphtheria? (‘00)
5) Outline the clinical features and management of patches over Tonsil in short.(’18)
5) Patch in the tonsil & its investigations. (`99),
6) Patch in tonsil, enumerate the causes (‘96)
7) Tonsils. (01)
8) Vincent angina. (‘05)
9) Describe the clinical features, treatment & complication of acute tonsillitis. 4+3+3 (’16)
10) Treatment of acute Para-tonsillar abscess (’96)

HEAD AND NECK SPACE INFECTION

1) Describe the etiology and clinical features of acute retropharyngeal abscess. How will you treat
it? ('05)
2) A young man comes to you with Quinsy. Clinical features, complications, diagnosis & treatment.
('94,'96.'98,'04,’08, 10, 12)
3) Describe the clinical features, complication and management of acute peritonsillar abscess. (06,
12)
4) Describe the clinical features, investigation & management of acute retropharyngeal abscess.
3+3+4 (’17)
5) Peritonsillar abscess. (08, 14)
6) Quinsy (10, 16)
7) Describe retropharyngeal abscess. 10 (02)
8) Acute retropharyngeal abscess. (13, 15)
9) Chronic retropharyngeal abscess (04)
10) Retropharyngeal abscess.(’18)

TUMOURS OF HYPOPHARYNX/SNORING AND SLEEP APNOEA

1) Zenker’s diverticulam
2) Obstructive sleep apnoea (13)

DISEASES OF LARYNX AND TRACHEA

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF LARYNX

1) Draw a neat labelled diagram of larynx as seen on indirect laryngoscopy. Describe briefly the
levels
and group of lymph node in the neck. 2+3 (2010)
2) Describe the pre-epiglottic space and its significance. (2010)
3) Nerve supply and intrinsic muscle of larynx. (’06)
4) Describe the trachea & its functions.5+5 (’02)
5) Functions of Larynx. (’01)
6) Safety muscles of larynx (‘16)
7)Nerve supply of larynx(’18)

CONGENITAL LESIONS & DISORDERS OF LARYNX & STRIDOR

1) Laryngomalacia (’10)
2) Acute epiglottitis (’14)
3) Laryngeal web (98)

4) What is stridor? A child of 3 years presented with stridor for two hours. What are the common causes and outline the management in such case? (’06,’08)

BENIGN TUMOUR OF LARYNX 

1) Vocal nodule. (’09,’14)/ Singer’s node (’03)

 2) Laryngocoele. (’08) 

3) Laryngeal papilloma (’07)

 4) Bronchial cyst (’17)

VOICE & SPEECH, TRACHEOSTOMY

 1) A 50 years old patient has hoarseness of voice for over a month. Investigate & outline the management of benign/malignant growth in vocal card. ('04) 

2) A 60 years old male presented with hoarseness of voice for one month. How will you investigate the case? (11) 

3) A 65 old male presented with hoarseness of voice for last three months. How will you investigate the case to arrive at a diagnosis? (‘13)

DISEASES OF OSEOPHAGUS ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF ESOPHAGUS 

1) Discuss the mechanism of deglutition.10 ('09) 

2) Constrictions of esophagus. ('05) 

3) Esophageal Strictures. ('05, 12) 

4) Cardiac notch ('96)

DISORDERS OF ESOPHAGUS 

1) Plummer-Vision syndrome. ('11)/ Patterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome. 

2) Cardiac achalasia. ('09)

 3) Cardio spasm (09) 

4) Coin in esophagus (’17)

DYSPHAGIA 

1) A 60 years old male has presented with progressively increasing dysphagia. How will you investigate? 2) Dysphagia lusoria ('96)

OPERATIVE 

1) Reactionary hemorrhages after Tonsillectomy. ('04) 

2) Indications of Tonsillectomy. (12)

 3) Steps of operation of tracheostomy (03, 04) 

4) Complications of tracheostomy. (11, 13)

 5) Types of tracheostomy 04) 

6) Functions of tracheostomy. ('15) 

7) Indication & complications of tracheostomy. 12 ('98, 17) 

8) Indirect laryngoscopy. ('06) 

9) Oesophagoscopy. (‘07, 08) 

10) FBSS (’18)